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In our blocking assignment, we must communicate the top and bottom row of each assignment which is where we get our 2PN term. There are 2*N communications per block, and P blocks/processors in this example. On the interleaved assignment, each row must be communicating twice since there is a dependency on the rows above and below it. Thus, the interleaved assignment has a total of ~2N^2 elements communicated, and a total of N^2 computed which gives us the ratio of 2.